How many VCAA Physical Education questions cover How does the body produce energy??

AusGrader has 69 VCAA Physical Education questions on How does the body produce energy?, all with instant AI grading and detailed marking feedback.

VCAA (VCE) Physical Education — How does the body produce energy? Questions & Answers | AusGrader

Q1

2022

QCAA

1 mark

Q1

1 mark

An athlete measuring the amount of oxygen they can consume during gradual increases in exercise intensity is collecting data relating to

A

VO $_2$ max.

B

lactate threshold.

C

muscular endurance.

D

phosphocreatine resynthesis rate.

Q1

2020

QCAA

1 mark

Q1

1 mark

Which of the following components of fitness best aligns with the aerobic energy system?

A

muscular endurance

B

strength

C

power

D

speed

Q12

2020

QCAA

20 marks

Q12a

5 marks

Identify the component of fitness targeted by the mesocycle in Stimulus 1 in the stimulus book. Explain how four indicators from the stimulus support your identification.

The mesocycle targets muscular endurance.

Muscular endurance is promoted by keeping the heart rate (HR) high for a long period of time. This mesocycle has many low-intensity and high-repetition activities, which allows HR to remain high and movement to be extended over a longer time frame. This correlates to contractions being held for an extended time, requiring HR to remain high for longer.

Many activities involve constant movement. This promotes elevated HR, while limited recovery time between activities also keeps HR high.

Marking Criteria

Descriptor	Marks
Identifies that muscular endurance is the component of fitness targeted in the mesocycle; explains 4 indicators that support the identified component of fitness	5
Identifies a relevant component of fitness that would be targeted in the mesocycle; explains 3 indicators that support the identified component of fitness	4
Identifies a relevant component of fitness that would be targeted in the mesocycle; provides a description of 2 indicators	3
Identifies a relevant component of fitness that would be targeted in the mesocycle; provides a description of 1 indicator	2
Identifies a component of fitness that would be targeted in the mesocycle OR identifies a relevant indicator present in the mesocycle	1
Does not satisfy any of the descriptors above.	0

Q12b

15 marks

Evaluate how training principles and energy systems are used to support the improvement of this component of fitness across the four-week training progression in Stimulus 1. Justify your response using the stimulus.

The volume is increasing with the increased weight in the back squats and increased repetitions in the box jumps. By increasing volume, we target increased adaptations through progressive overload.

Limited rest between repetitions does not permit sufficient recovery for repeated maximal efforts. This infers power and strength will be reduced in consecutive sets/efforts, targeting muscular endurance. Heart rate (HR) stays high, operating at or above threshold. The work periods are relatively short, not developing cardiovascular endurance.

Work:rest ratios are increasing in the back squats, because the repetitions are decreasing; however, the work:rest ratios are decreasing in the box jumps, because the repetitions are increasing, while rest remains constant.

Intensity is increasing in the back squats, which will increase muscular fatigue prior to beginning the box jumps. As the repetitions of box jumps increase, athlete fatigue increases. This targets muscular endurance through progressive overload.

Muscular endurance is optimised using the lactic acid system, as the work has a longer duration than more explosive power-based or strength-based movements. The aerobic system also provides contributions to the energy requirements; however, due to the work periods being short, it is not a primary contributor. This mesocycle supports improvements in muscular endurance through focusing on the required energy system, building of lactate tolerance and repeated contractions against a resistance.

Marking Criteria

Training Principles

Marking Bands

Descriptor	Marks
Provides a discerning justification of how the training principles support the improvement of the component of fitness	5
Provides a considered justification of how the training principles support the improvement of the component of fitness	4
Provides a feasible justification of how the training principles support the improvement of the component of fitness	3
Provides a superficial justification of how the training principles support the improvement of the component of fitness	2
Provides a description of how the training principles support the improvement of the component of fitness	1
Does not satisfy any of the descriptors above.	0

Energy System

Marking Bands

Descriptor	Marks
Provides a discerning justification of how the energy system supports the improvement of the component of fitness	5
Provides a considered justification of how the energy system supports the improvement of the component of fitness	4
Provides a feasible justification of how the energy system supports the improvement of the component of fitness	3
Provides a superficial justification of how the energy system supports the improvement of the component of fitness	2
Provides a description of how the energy system supports the improvement of the component of fitness	1
Does not satisfy any of the descriptors above.	0

Evaluation and Evidence

Marking Bands

Descriptor	Marks
Provides a critical evaluation of the effectiveness of the mesocycle and uses comprehensive evidence from the stimulus to support evaluative statements	5
Provides a considered evaluation of the effectiveness of the mesocycle and uses extensive evidence from the stimulus to support evaluative statements	4
Provides a feasible evaluation of the effectiveness of the mesocycle and uses detailed evidence from the stimulus to support evaluative statements	3
Provides a superficial evaluation of the effectiveness of the mesocycle and uses evidence from the stimulus to support evaluative statements	2
Identifies a relevant piece of information about training principles or energy systems OR identifies evidence from the stimulus that relates to a training principle or energy systems	1
Does not satisfy any of the descriptors above.	0

Q26

2024

SCSA

6 marks

Q26

The State cross-country squad has been involved in a two-day workshop to develop their understanding of nutritional strategies in order to optimise performance on race day.

Q26a

4 marks

Describe two nutritional requirements a cross-country runner would need to consider on the morning of a race due to start at noon.

Answers could include:

easily digestible foods, low in fibre and fat – prevents stomach discomfort
carbohydrates – primary energy source for the event
a low GI meal prior to the race – leads to the slow release of glucose into the blood stream for sustained energy over the course of the event
a high GI snack 15–30 minutes prior to the race – quickly releases glucose into the blood stream to energise the runner at the start of the event
hyperhydration (800 mL–1 L of fluid) – delays dehydration.

Marking Criteria

Nutritional requirement 1

Marking Bands

Descriptor	Marks
Describes a nutritional requirement a cross country runner would need to consider on the morning of a race due to start at noon	2
States a nutritional requirement of a cross country runner	1
None of the above	0

Nutritional requirement 2

Marking Bands

Descriptor	Marks
Describes a nutritional requirement a cross country runner would need to consider on the morning of a race due to start at noon	2
States a nutritional requirement of a cross country runner	1
None of the above	0

Q26b

2 marks

Sports drinks have been known to be recommended during or between races.

Outline two advantages of consuming sports drinks.

Sports drink contain (any 2 of the following):

carbohydrates to assist with glycogen sparing to maintain energy
sodium and electrolytes to assist in maintaining hydration levels
potassium to maintain electrolyte balance and aid in muscle contraction during exercise
water to maintain fluid levels

Marking Criteria

Descriptor	Marks
Describes two advantages of sports drinks	2
Describes one advantage of sports drinks	1
None of the above	0

Q31

2023

SCSA

15 marks

Q31

The 2022 FIFA World Cup was held in Doha, Qatar, a city known for its extreme heat of up to 50 °C. As such, the tournament was shifted to the cooler months and new technology was developed to air condition the stadiums to a comfortable 21 °C. In contrast, the coldest ever FIFA World Cup game took place in South Africa in 2010, where the temperature dropped to -1 °C.

Q31a

9 marks

Name three physiological effects of participating in a high-level sport, such as soccer. For each, outline the effect when participating in extreme heat and in extreme cold.

Answers could include:

Increased peripheral blood flow:

in hot conditions blood flow/vasodilation is further increased
in cold conditions blood flow/vasodilation is reduced.

Increased sweat rate:

heat causes further increase in sweat rate
cold causes reduction in sweat loss.

Increased heart rate:

heat causes further increase in heart rate
cold causes little/to no change in heart rate.

Increased stroke volume:

heat causes decreased stroke volume
increased stroke volume in cold conditions.

Increased VO₂:

heat causes little to no change in VO₂
increase VO₂ in cold.

Increase in blood lactate levels/use of muscle glycogen:

further increase in blood lactate levels/use of muscle glycogen in heat
further increase in blood lactate levels/use of muscle glycogen in cold.

Increased blood pressure:

further increase in blood pressure in heat
further increase in blood pressure in cold.

Cardiac output increases:

in heat, the cardiac output initially increases (and then decreases)
in cold, little to no change of cardiac output.

Increased respiration/ventilation:

further increase in respiration/ventilation in hot conditions
further increase in respiration/ventilation in cold conditions.

Skin temperature increases:

in heat, skin temperature further increases
in cold, skin temperature decreases.

Marking Criteria

Physiological Effect 1

Descriptor	Marks
Names the physiological effect	1
Outlines the physiological effect in extreme heat	1
Outlines the physiological effect in extreme cold	1

Physiological Effect 2

Descriptor	Marks
Names the physiological effect	1
Outlines the physiological effect in extreme heat	1
Outlines the physiological effect in extreme cold	1

Physiological Effect 3

Descriptor	Marks
Names the physiological effect	1
Outlines the physiological effect in extreme heat	1
Outlines the physiological effect in extreme cold	1

Q31b

6 marks

Describe three ways that using the stimulant caffeine could work to assist athletes competing at the FIFA World Cup.

improves reaction time, which increases the ability to respond quickly to what is happening.
spare glycogen use through preferential use of free fatty acids (FFAs), leaving more glycogen available for use in muscles.
enhances competitiveness, which allows athlete to attack the ball with more pressure.

Marking Criteria

Descriptor	Marks
Up to 2 marks for each correct point (any 3 of): improves alertness/reaction time (1), which increases the ability to respond quickly to what is happening (1) spare glycogen use (1) through preferential use of free fatty acids (FFAs), leaving more glycogen available for use in muscles (1) reduces ratings perceived effect (masks fatigue) (1) and, as such, will allow athletes to push themselves at a higher intensity for longer (1) enhances competitiveness (1), which allows athlete to attack the ball with more pressure (1).	6

Descriptor

Marks

Up to 2 marks for each correct point (any 3 of):

improves alertness/reaction time (1), which increases the ability to respond quickly to what is happening (1)
spare glycogen use (1) through preferential use of free fatty acids (FFAs), leaving more glycogen available for use in muscles (1)
reduces ratings perceived effect (masks fatigue) (1) and, as such, will allow athletes to push themselves at a higher intensity for longer (1)
enhances competitiveness (1), which allows athlete to attack the ball with more pressure (1).

6

VCAA Physical Education How does the body produce energy?

Training Principles

Energy System

Evaluation and Evidence

Nutritional requirement 1

Nutritional requirement 2

Physiological Effect 1

Physiological Effect 2

Physiological Effect 3

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