NESA Biology Prevention
2 sample questions with marking guides and sample answers · Avg. score: 100%
Refer to the information below.
A study was undertaken by which a small sequence of DNA was inserted into a virus. The virus was injected into veins of rats with Type 1 diabetes. The inserted DNA created cells that produced insulin. The purpose of this study was to find a way for humans suffering from Type 1 diabetes to eliminate the need for daily insulin injections.
The type of therapy used in this study is
recombinant DNA technology.
gene therapy.
hormone replacement therapy.
cell replacement therapy.
Reveal Answer
recombinant DNA technology.
While recombinant DNA technology is the laboratory process used to create the modified virus, it is not the name of the medical therapy itself.
gene therapy.
Gene therapy is the correct term for treating a disease by introducing genetic material (DNA) into a patient's cells, often using a viral vector, to restore a missing function.
hormone replacement therapy.
Hormone replacement therapy involves administering the missing hormone directly (such as daily insulin injections), rather than altering the patient's DNA to produce it naturally.
cell replacement therapy.
Cell replacement therapy involves transplanting whole cells or tissues (like pancreatic islet cells) into a patient, not injecting a virus carrying DNA to modify existing cells.
Outline the cause of a disease due to environmental exposure.
Reveal Answer
Lung cancer can be caused by exposure to inhalation of smoke from cigarettes.
| Descriptor | Marks |
|---|---|
Outlines a cause of a disease relating to environmental exposure | 2 |
Provides some relevant information | 1 |
None of the above | 0 |
Explain how an educational program or campaign can be used to decrease the incidence of a disease caused by environmental exposure.
Reveal Answer
An educational program in schools could teach students that UV exposure causes skin cancer, and that to protect from this, they should wear hats and sunscreen when outside. This will help to increase student’s understanding of the risk and therefore increase compliance, and help to prevent the cause of skin cancer (UV rays damaging DNA in cells).
| Descriptor | Marks |
|---|---|
Explains how a program/campaign will help to decrease the incidence of the disease | 3 |
Outlines features of a relevant program/campaign | 2 |
Provides some relevant information | 1 |
None of the above | 0 |