NESA Biology Immunity
5 sample questions with marking guides and sample answers · Avg. score: 33.3%
An example of natural active immunity is a
breastfed baby who does not catch a cold that they are exposed to.
hospital worker who is vaccinated against the flu.
person bitten by a snake who is given anti-venom antibodies.
child who contracts chicken pox and does not get the disease again.
A key component of cell-mediated immunity is the body’s production of
antigens.
antibodies.
memory B cells.
killer T cells.
Describe how phagocytes help protect against pathogens.
Explain how antibodies are produced in response to the entry of a pathogen.
During the 2024 Olympic Games in Paris, the cleanliness of the River Seine was of concern. High levels of the bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) were detected in the river, presenting potential health risks for the athletes competing in the triathlon and open-water swimming events. Several athletes were treated for E. coli infections.
Contrast three features of bacteria and viruses.
In addition to severe nausea, the unwell swimmers started feeling cold, shivering uncontrollably and were asking for blankets, despite the outside temperatures being warm.
Name and outline the physiological responses the swimmers' bodies were having to the infection.
After swimming in the River Seine, Australian athletes were prescribed antibiotics to prevent an E. coli infection.
Antibiotics can be classified into two groups based on their mode of action. Name these two groups and outline how they fight bacterial infections.
Mumps is a disease caused by a RNA virus. Patients with mumps experience a variety of symptoms, which could include painful and swollen glands in the neck. Mumps is transmitted via droplets.
Identify and describe four external defence mechanisms found in the human body that could help prevent the entry of the mumps pathogen.
Immunisation against mumps can be achieved with vaccination. Distinguish between the terms ‘immunisation’ and ‘vaccination’. Explain how vaccines provide immunity to pathogens and outline four different types of vaccines available.