NESA Biology Homeostasis
5 sample questions with marking guides and sample answers · Avg. score: 83.3%
How do stomata maintain water balance in plants?
They close in hot weather to decrease transpiration.
They open in cold weather to decrease transpiration.
They open in hot weather to decrease evaporative cooling.
They close in cold weather to decrease evaporative cooling.
Respiratory acidosis is a disorder whereby the acidity of the blood is high. High acidity of the blood is caused by
a decrease in carbon dioxide levels, which leads to a decrease in hydrogen ion concentration.
an increase in carbon dioxide levels, which leads to an increase in hydrogen ion concentration.
an increase in carbon dioxide levels, which leads to a decrease in hydrogen ion concentration.
a decrease in carbon dioxide levels, which leads to an increase in hydrogen ion concentration.
Crown gall is an infectious disease of plants that can cause significant economic losses.
For crown gall disease, explain how the pathogen invades the host and causes disease, and two distinctly different management strategies to prevent the spread of the disease.
Animals have a variety of behavioural, physiological and structural adaptations to maintain water and salt balance.
Explain what would happen to a desert mammal if it drank saltwater and explain one physiological and one behavioural adaptation that desert mammals use to maintain water-salt balance. State which adaption is physiological and which is behavioural.
Xerophytic plants need to maintain water balance while allowing for gas exchange, and have a variety of adaptations to achieve this.
Explain why plants lose water to the environment during gas exchange and three distinctly different ways in which xerophytic plants minimise water loss from gas exchange.
The chance of an epidemic occurring depends on several factors.
Using influenza as an example, explain why urban areas are susceptible to epidemics and how vaccination and three other healthcare provisions can reduce disease transmission.
Two unrelated patients; X and Y, visited the same neurosurgeon. The patients had very similar names, and both had a form of brain damage. The neurosurgeon asked Patient X to complete a point-to-point movement test, where the index finger touches the nose and then touches the outstretched finger of the neurosurgeon. He was also asked to walk across the room while the neurosurgeon observed his stability. Patient X found this very strange, as these tests were not what he normally experienced. He has a benign growth below the hypothalamus, reducing levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone. When Patient X questioned this, the neurosurgeon realised he had mixed up the two patients and mistakenly thought he was seeing Patient Y.
Using the information above, identify the part of the brain damaged in both patients (X and Y), describe the role of these parts in normal body functioning and describe the effects damage to these structures would have on both patients.
Describe how the hypothalamus and pituitary work together to achieve their main function.