NESA Biology Causes of Infectious Disease

Robert Koch produced a set of criteria to establish whether a particular organism is the cause of a disease in an animal. The criteria are listed below but not in the correct order.

1. The microorganism must cause disease when introduced to a healthy experimental animal.
2. The microorganism must be extracted and isolated from the diseased animal and subsequently grown in culture.
3. The microorganism must be extracted from the diseased experimental animal and demonstrated to be the same microorganism that was isolated from the first diseased animal.
4. The microorganism must be found in the diseased animal, and not found in healthy animals.

Which of the following correctly shows the order of steps required to determine the cause of a particular disease in an animal?

Which of the following are non-cellular pathogens?

Why is Varroa mite infection considered to be an infectious disease?

In June 2022, the Varroa mite was detected for the first time in Australia at the Port of Newcastle. It then spread to surrounding areas.

Explain TWO procedures that could have been employed to prevent the spread of the Varroa mite in honey bees.

Describe a plant disease and its effect on agricultural production.

Justify a safety precaution required to prevent infection when conducting the investigation.

Explain how the student could ensure the reliability of the investigation.